Click for Walker Click for Westport Click for Abeking Click for Glendinning Click for Burger

Power and drive systems for smaller planning hulls

Discussion in 'Technical Discussion' started by blkexp98, May 8, 2010.

You need to be registered and signed in to view this content.
  1. blkexp98

    blkexp98 New Member

    Joined:
    May 7, 2010
    Messages:
    3
    Location:
    Florence, SC
    What are your thoughts on diesel electric engines in a planning hull about 28' long? Ive always thought a diesel generator with two electric motors driving shafts would be interesting. I think the output needed to drive two electric motors would need a big generator. The boat we have is a 28 Bertram so room isnt something we have tons of.

    I really like the benefits of the electrics but as with anything else powering them with any good output is the problem.

    I wish some of the concept engines ive read about on here would have made it.

    Another part of the system i was thinking about by reading various threads on here was the shaft. Om my size boat a pod just isnt practical, outboards dont handle well, waterjets would probably be similar to the outboards (if you could even get the RPM's so shaft driven props are really the solution. Ive read about the shaft sleeve to reduce drag and someone mentioning straightening out the shaft angle with a joint. I dont think th sleeve is going to be very beneficial but dont quite know how the 2 piece shaft would perform other than adding a failure point. What other options are there.

    Another post i saw was about adding tunnels for the props. One poster said they had surface drives. Ive never driven or seen a boat in person with those. What performance effect do they have vs a conventional prop mounted on an angled shaft? I see they would have a draft and drag benefit but it seems like you would lose thrust. I saw one company making an internal pocket with the exhaust gasses blowing on the prop. According to them it was great of course but again it seems like you would lose thrust. What handling effect does changing that hull shape with either pockets or tunnels have?

    The 28 bertram is more of a project or testbed to try out ideas and customise. Ill be doing most the work myself when i have time so materals are the only real cost. So any ideas or criticism are welcome. If nothing else id like to hear a general discussion on the topic even if its not related to the 28B.
  2. Grecko

    Grecko New Member

    Joined:
    Jun 27, 2009
    Messages:
    50
    Location:
    Presently landlocked
    The problem is that diesel engines don't turn that fast and to have a good power to weight ratio electric motors and generators need to turn at high rpm.

    Typical power for a boat like this is a pair of 230 hp gas engines that weigh about 600 pounds each. A Yanmar diesel (with a bit more hp because you are going to need it) weighs 900 pounds. A generator capable of handling that much power at 3600 rpm is going to weigh close to the same. Now you need an electric motor to drive the prop, add in another 800 pounds... You can easily see where this is going.... You are replacing a 600 pound motor and 175 pound gearbox with about 2500 pounds of diesel engine, generator and motor. Might make sense in a low power trawler, but certainly not in a boat that you want to plane off..

    A pair of Yanmar's with stern drives migh be a nice upgrade and would move weight aft to give you a better CG for high speed running, but you didn't say what you wanted to do with the boat so it is hard to tell if that's a worthwhile thing to do. Diesels mounted where the old engines are will work but also tend to push the CG forward and this could be an issue on a boat this small.

    Surface drives are more efficient, but also more expensive, and have other issues so they might not be what you want, so there are tradeoffs that you have to look at carefully when you go that route.
  3. Capt J

    Capt J Senior Member

    Joined:
    Jul 11, 2005
    Messages:
    14,530
    Location:
    Fort Lauderdale
    I have run a 28' Bertram with 185hp Yanmars, it cruised at 21 knots and was a tad underpowered. You needed full trim tabs and sometimes in 3+ foot seas would slow down to 17 knots and climb back up to 21. It did however get 1.5 NMPG at cruise. 220hp Yanmars with conventional shafts would be a very nice choice in this boat, and would probably cruise it around 26 knots. I have a friend that put 300hp Yanmars in a 28' Bertram express and he told me it cruised at 33-34knots.

    I think you are trying to re-invent the wheel, and it's best to keep it simple and repower with either 230hp or 300hp Yanmars and you'd be a very happy boater. Diesel electric is good in this size range for a slow moving boat, but not a planing sportfish. It would be far too heavy, if you're looking for planing speeds.
  4. blkexp98

    blkexp98 New Member

    Joined:
    May 7, 2010
    Messages:
    3
    Location:
    Florence, SC
    Yep im sure your right on simplicity. I just like to play with ideas and see if anything beneficial can come out of it. If i had the money and time i would really like to design a boat from the ground up once i knew the theory side of it. That seems like it woul be a fun and interesting job.

    A cruise of over 32 would be great but i dont know if that small of a Hp/Torque jump would gain that much. Ive looked into fitting a set of the Cummins 6BTA's in (mostly for cost over the yanmars) and they put out between 210 and 330 HP from what ive seen. I havent however been able to find out the details on how much room they really need for a good install.

    From what ive read the 28's with the factry volvo diesels had a larger engine area and will fit them. I havnt been able to find a number on what the actual dimensions are though. My deck has already been raised to fit the Cummins 4BT's we have but they are just too underpowered to bother putting in i think. They are the 150 hp versions but have the fuel turned up and different injectors. So they should put out about 170 from what we are told.

    I initially started on the prop pockets becuase we were looking into a 4 or 5 bladed prop to make things work right. By adding the pocket we may could stay with a 3 blade and depending on how i made them could level out the shaft some. A 31 Bertram i have some pictures of has the rudders and struts mounted at a slight angle from how it looks unless its just how the picture was taken. I cant find anything really on how they effect the handling or efficency of the boat.

    It seems like it would almost give you more thrust but they have to be designed to allow the water to easily flow and fill the top of the pocket. Do any of you have any techinical documentation on the topic?

    Thanks for the replies so far and pointing out as i thought diesel electric isnt practical for ths application.


    EDITED TO ADD: What about the Volvo IPS system? That driven by a shaft would be a pretty interesting setup and would solve any clearance issues. I bet a pair of those cost a pretty penny. Have any of you used them or know what the cost per par is for the various models? That 4 cylinder would probably fit.
  5. Bill106

    Bill106 Senior Member

    Joined:
    Jan 9, 2010
    Messages:
    390
    Location:
    Beaufort NC
    Ading pockets to an already built hull isn't quite as easy as it sounds. The cockpit deck and fuel tanks have to be removed to gain access and to structurally secure even pre-made tunnels is a huge task. I'm not positive but I believe there are some stringers in the way and that is even more intensive to carry their strength around the tunnels. You also have to figure in new struts, shaft tubes and steering gear.

    The IPS drives would be a great addition IF, and it's a big if, they would fit under your existing deck. Their efficiency would make their extra cost worth it if you are planning on keeping her for a while.
  6. brian eiland

    brian eiland Senior Member

    Joined:
    Jul 28, 2004
    Messages:
    2,981
    Location:
    St Augustine, Fl and Thailand
    'C' or 'Z' Chain Drive

    Have you looked thru these discussions:
    http://www.yachtforums.com/forums/technical-discussion/2232-new-drive-system-volvo-penta.html#post7567

    ...and this is one I added, but the links are no longer working:
    http://www.yachtforums.com/forums/7567-post9.html

    This unit is no longer being offered to my knowledge, but I'm presently working on bringing to market a similar unit at what I believe will be a very competitively price, and much more so that the IPS system. It will NOT be steerable as is the IPS, but it will be simple and reliable. This drive leg concept is a much need item in a variety of vessels, particularly narrow hulled multihull craft.
    http://www.yachtforums.com/forums/15453-post14.html

    Here I had suggested a dual prop version, but that might be down the road a bit in this development scheme:
    Dual Prop Chain Drive